is a set of questions that assess diabetes knowledge. The Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ) developed by Garcia et al. Thus, developing a simple, culturally suitable and valid knowledge questionnaire for Vietnamese patients with diabetes is crucial. 20 This suggests that most Vietnamese patients could merely engage in short and simple conversation, and may be unable to under-stand and complete a diabetes knowledge questionnaire in the English language. 19 The mean score of the English Proficiency Index of Vietnamese was 473/800 in 2020, listed under the low-proficiency category. This was relatively low compared to 15.6% in Thailand, 32.4% in Singapore and 46.6% in the United Arab Emirates.
In 2019, the proportion of collegiate or equivalent educational attainment of the population aged 25 years and above in Vietnam was 10.2%. 17, 18 To illustrate, one question about high-carbohydrate food is correctly answered with “baked chicken/Swiss cheese/ baked potato/peanut butter,” which are uncommon food in Vietnam. For example, the Diabetes Self-Care Knowledge by Adibe et al., may be too long with 30 sentences while the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test by Fitzgerald et al., may be difficult for Vietnamese to answer due to cultural differences. However, most assessment questionnaires either consist of too many options or are too long, making it difficult to assess and manage diabetes patients in developing countries with low education levels, including Vietnam. 13- 16Īn appropriate diabetes knowledge assessment questionnaire is essential to conducting diabetes self-management support and intervention. 13 Studies show that diabetes self-management interventions improved knowledge, self-care behavior, and reduced HBA1c. The American Diabetes Association guideline emphasizes that all patients should receive diabetes self-management and support. 8- 12 Patients with diabetes (PWD) need lifelong self-management to prevent or delay acute and chronic complications.
Patients with good disease knowledge have fewer misconceptions and better understanding of the consequences of diabetes, which improves adherence to medications and a better lifestyle. 7ĭisease knowledge is considered the foundation for diabetes self-management. 5, 6 According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than half of people with diabetes in Vietnam are unaware of their disease, delaying early diagnosis and management. 4 It was estimated that over 3.5 million Vietnamese people were living with diabetes in 2015, and this increased to approximately 5.76 million in 2020. 1- 3 In 2021, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that there were 537 million people with diabetes worldwide, and this was predicted to increase to 783 million by 2045. Diabetes is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases in the world.
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